Hyderabad sees rise in leprosy cases again
HYDERABAD: Leprosy cases are rising again in the state, causing concern among health authorities. The disease, once believed to be nearing elimination, is now spreading gradually.
Though the Centre and state governments declared in 2005 that leprosy had reached the elimination stage, current data presents a different picture. Over the past few years, thousands of new cases have been reported annually.
According to official figures, 2,376 cases were recorded in 2024–25, which increased to 2,592 in 2025–26. A worrying trend is the number of children affected. Around 100 children are contracting the disease each year. The number rose from 85 last year to 100 this year.
Health experts said many cases remain undetected as people hide symptoms due to lack of awareness, suggesting the actual number could be higher.
Delayed treatment leads to disability risks
Doctors said leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It primarily affects the skin, nerves and eyes. Common symptoms include light-coloured or reddish patches on the skin, nerve thickening, numbness in hands and feet, and reduced vision.
The disease spreads through droplets released when an infected person coughs or sneezes, but transmission typically requires prolonged close contact. Doctors stressed that early detection is critical. If left untreated, it can lead to deformities, including bending of fingers and toes and loss of sensation, which may result in severe wounds.
In 2024–25, as many as 41 patients required reconstructive surgeries due to complications, indicating the seriousness of delayed treatment. Doctors advised immediate consultation if numb patches appear on the body.
Free treatment available in government hospitals
Health officials said Multi Drug Therapy (MDT) is available free of cost in all government hospitals. Patients can recover completely by taking medicines regularly for six to 12 months, depending on severity.
Experts added that once treatment begins, the risk of transmission reduces significantly. The government is conducting programmes such as the Leprosy Case Detection Campaign (LCDC) and SPARSH to identify hidden cases. Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHA) workers are visiting households to detect new cases.
The government is also distributing self-care kits and special Micro Cellular Rubber (MCR) footwear to patients. Officials urged people to seek timely treatment without fear, stating that early intervention is key to eliminating the disease.
